Хиймэл оюун ухааны хөгжил хүн төрөлхтөнд заналхийлж байна уу, эсвэл энэ нь бодит асуудлаас анхаарал сарниулах зорилготой “хэтрүүлэг” үү гэдэг дээр улс төрийн хүрээнд маргаан дэгдлээ.
Хиймэл оюун ухааны салбарын мэргэжилтнүүд технологийн хөгжил хүн төрөлхтний мөхөлд хүргэж болзошгүй хэмээн анхааруулсны дараа Америкийн зүүний үзэлтнүүдийн дунд үзэл суртлын зөрчил үүсээд байна. Нью-Йорк хотын Ардчилсан социалист нам (NYC DSA) өөрийн цахим хуудсаараа дамжуулан хиймэл оюун ухааны аюулын талаарх яриа нь бодит асуудлуудыг халхлах зорилготой “шинжлэх ухааны уран зөгнөлт” хэтрүүлэг хэмээн мэдэгджээ. Тэдний үзэж буйгаар, технологийн компаниуд өөрсдийн бүтээгдэхүүний хүчийг хэтрүүлэн сурталчилж, бодит нийгмийн хор уршгийг үл тоомсорлоход хүргэж байна.
Эсрэг талд нь Сенатор Берни Сандерс тэргүүтэй улс төрчид хиймэл оюун ухаан нь хүн төрөлхтний оршин тогтнолд бодит аюул заналхийлж байгааг онцлон, үүнийг нэн даруй зохицуулах шаардлагатай гэж үзэж байна. Тэрээр өнгөрсөн гуравдугаар сард өгөгдлийн төвүүдийн бүтээн байгуулалтыг зогсоож, холбооны зохицуулалт тогтоох тухай хуулийн төслийг санаачилсан юм. Энэхүү байр суурь нь түүнийг баруун жигүүрийн Стив Бэннон зэрэг улс төрийн өөр хүчнүүдтэй эвсэхэд хүргэсэн нь олны анхаарлыг татаж байна.
Одоогоор АНУ-ын улс төрийн хүрээнд хиймэл оюун ухааны аюулгүй байдлын асуудлыг хэрхэн шийдвэрлэх, одоо тулгарч буй нийгмийн хор уршгийг хэрхэн зохицуулах талаарх маргаан үргэлжилсээр байна. Зарим нэр дэвшигчид хиймэл оюун ухааныг хязгаарлах, зохицуулалт хийх нь ирээдүйн эрсдэлээс сэргийлэхэд зайлшгүй шаардлагатай гэж үзэж байгаа бол нөгөө хэсэг нь үүнийг технологийн корпорацуудын эрх мэдлийг нэмэгдүүлэх аюултай алхам хэмээн болгоомжилж байна.
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On September 10, two days after researcher Jacob Coxon, who had recently quit his job at Anthropic, sounded the alarm about the industry potentially bringing about the end of humanity, the New York City Democratic Socialists of America posted a carousel of images on Instagram. The first slide was a drawing of an ouroboros—a dragon eating its own tail—set against a hot pink background. “AI alarmism and AI hype are the same story: both keep your attention on a science-fiction future to distract you from the real harms experienced in the present,” the image reads.
The post was authored by the NYC DSA’s Tech Action Working Group, which focuses on tech regulation issues for the chapter, the largest in the country. It garnered more than 25,000 likes on Instagram. But not everyone agreed with the post: “Horrible and dangerous take,” one comment reads. “Sometimes sounding the alarm is justified.”
As politicians scramble to understand AI safety, an ideological split is opening on the American left. Among the questions it’s centered on is whether to believe tech companies’ claims that their products are so powerful that they could end the world.
Some on the left question the value in elevating theoretical concerns about AI over actual harms. They believe repeating claims promoted by the frontier labs about the dangers of AI empowers the AI companies, turning attention away from regulating the current harms of the technology and toward an impossible future.
“AI has become the latest tool of capitalist exploitation. The damage that unregulated and misused AI is already causing is clear across the country,” Alan Deng, a member of Tech Action, tells WIRED. “As socialists, we don’t trust these corporations to craft their own regulations.”
But others are following the direction of Senator Bernie Sanders, the unofficial leader of the American left, who has enthusiastically taken up the AI safety issue, asserting that AI has the potential to eliminate humanity. They say that it’s possible to address all harms from AI—both those happening now and those that could happen in the future—at once.
“The same people concerned about frontier governance and the development of superintelligence are also addressing those current harms,” says Alexander McCoy, a Democratic strategist working on AI issues. “We should address all these other important factors. Those frontier AI abilities are true and increasing in power. They are not fake or hype.”
Over the past year, Sanders dove head-first into the world of AI safety, bringing conversations that were previously happening in Bay Area circles to Washington and his large populist base. The 85-year-old was early to both opposing data centers—a massive organizing pole for the left this year—and speaking out about AI’s potential harms, from job loss to existential dangers. His data center moratorium bill, released in March, explicitly linked pausing construction with the need to pass federal regulation to protect “the future of humanity.”
Sanders’s positioning on this issue has put him in some unusual alliances, most notably with Steve Bannon, President Donald Trump’s former adviser and a right-wing populist podcast host. It has also seemingly inspired a raft of messaging from left-wing candidates running for office across the country, many of whom have been tying broader concerns around AI to the furor over data centers. On September 9, a day before the New York DSA post, six candidates affiliated with the Working Families Party, including four backed by Sanders, released statements on the need for Washington to regulate AI to prevent existential threats to humanity.
