Археологичид Египетийн Минья мужийн Жабал ал-Тайр бүсээс эртний династийн үед хамаарах, урьд өмнө нээгдээгүй хоёр булшийг олж илрүүлжээ.
Египетийн Аялал жуулчлал, эртний олдворын яамны мэдээлснээр, эдгээр булш нь 5,000 орчим жилийн өмнөх үед хамаарч байна. Жабал ал-Тайр нь олон мянган жилийн турш оршуулгын газар болж ирсэн бөгөөд энд МЭӨ 664-332 оны хоорондох үеийн олдворууд ч илэрч байжээ. Шинээр олдсон булшнууд нь Египетийн оршуулгын архитектур хэрхэн хөгжиж байсныг харуулсан чухал баримт болж байна.
Булшнуудын хийц нь МЭӨ 2950 оны үед хамаарах хаан Хор-Денийн булштай төстэй байна. Барилгын бүтцийн хувьд хана нь доороо зузаан, дээшээ нарийссан байдлаар хийгдсэн нь барилгачид тухайн үед ачаалал хуваарилах зарчмыг мэддэг байсныг нотолж байгаа юм. Мөн булшнуудыг чулуун блокоор барьж, хананд нь модон тулгуур ашигласан нь тогтоогджээ.
Тус бүс нутгаас эртний династийн үеийн олдворуудаас гадна Нагада II болон III үед хамаарах, ургамлын дэвсгэрээр ороосон цогцоснууд, хар хүрээтэй вааран савнууд олдсон байна. Археологичид эдгээр булшны нууцыг тайлахаар малтлагын ажлаа үргэлжлүүлж байгаа бөгөөд энэ нь Египетийн эртний оршуулгын соёлын хөгжлийг судлахад чухал ач холбогдолтой юм.
Дэлгэрэнгүйг эх сурвалжаас харах
↓Эх сурвалжийг нээх ↓
Two Early Dynastic tombs sealed for about 5,000 years have been uncovered at the Jabal al-Tayr archaeological site in Egypt’s Minya Governorate.
The pyramids of Giza are among the world’s most recognizable landmarks, but they were not the starting point of Egyptian monument building. Before Khufu’s Great Pyramid rose above the desert, Egyptian builders were already experimenting with increasingly complex burial structures.
The latest discoveries at Jabal al-Tayr help fill in that earlier history. The Supreme Council of Antiquities announced the excavation of two previously unopened tombs dating to the Early Dynastic Period, giving archaeologists new evidence of how burial architecture developed during Egypt’s earliest dynasties.
A Burial Ground Used for Thousands of Years
Jabal al-Tayr may not be as famous as the Valley of the Kings, but the site has been used as a cemetery for thousands of years. Excavations have uncovered burials dating from the Predynastic period through the Late Period, between roughly 664 and 332 B.C.
The source explains that the earliest Egyptian tombs appeared around 3100 B.C.E. as simple pits lined with bricks and covered with plaster. Over time, these graves became larger and more elaborate. During the First Dynasty, royal burials were concentrated at Abydos, while high-ranking officials were buried at Saqqara.
These tombs featured underground burial chambers along with mastabas, aboveground structures that stored grave goods and reflected the status of the deceased. The two newly uncovered tombs belong to this key stage in the evolution of Egyptian funerary architecture.
Could These Tombs Be Linked to Royalty?
One of the most interesting parts of the discovery is how closely the tombs resemble the burial of King Hor-Den at Abydos, which dates to around 2950 B.C.E.
The researchers reports that Hor-Den’s tomb was the largest known from the First Dynasty. It included a ritual annex, two large storage rooms, and 133 chambers surrounding the main burial chamber.
They also noticed that one of the newly excavated tombs had walls built thicker at the bottom and gradually thinner toward the top. They believe this shows that the builders understood how to spread the weight of the structure.
The tombs were built with stone blocks, and the first one still preserved oxide marks left by cutting and shaping the stone. Researchers also found wooden supports built into the walls. Some reinforced individual sections, while others stretched along the entire wall. The second tomb survived with most of its original stone blocks still in place.
More Discoveries Have Emerged At The Site
The excavation also uncovered several Predynastic burials containing crouched, mostly skeletonized human remains wrapped in plant mats. Pottery vessels were placed beside the bodies.
In a Facebook post, The Egypt’s Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities said the pottery’s black-rimmed decoration matches the Naqada II and Naqada III periods, which came before the First Dynasty. Archaeologists also found Late Period burials that still contained remains of wooden coffins, showing that people continued using Jabal al-Tayr as a cemetery for many centuries.
The same source stated that work at the site is continuing “to reveal more of its secrets,” as archaeologists keep uncovering new evidence from one of Egypt’s long-used burial grounds.
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