Украйны зэвсэгт хүчин ОХУ-ын цахим худалдааны томоохон сүлжээ болох Wildberries компанийн агуулах болон ложистикийн төвүүдийг онилсон цуврал цохилтыг үргэлжлүүлж байна.
Украйн улс өнгөрсөн долоо хоногт ОХУ-ын Рязань муж дахь Wildberries компанийн ложистикийн төв рүү дроноор цохилт өгсөн бол пүрэв гарагт дахин хоёр агуулахыг нь онилжээ. Долдугаар сарын 18-наас хойш Киевийн тал тус компанийн арав орчим байгууламжийг халдлагад өртүүлээд байгаа бөгөөд энэ нь ОХУ-ын дайны эдийн засагт тусалж байна хэмээн буруутгаж байна. Шинжээчдийн тооцоолсноор, зөвхөн Москва болон Тамбов мужид болсон халдлагын улмаас 2.9 тэрбум ам.долларын бараа бүтээгдэхүүн сүйдсэн байна.
Украйны тал Wildberries компанийг ОХУ-ын цэргийн ложистик болон эдийн засгийн дэд бүтцийн салшгүй хэсэг гэж үзэн хууль ёсны бай гэж тодорхойлж байна. Тус компани нь ОХУ-ын төрийн өмчит VTB банктай нягт хамтын ажиллагаатай бөгөөд түүний үйл ажиллагааг доголдуулах нь ОХУ-ын банкны системд сөрөг нөлөө үзүүлнэ гэж Киевийн зэвсэг үйлдвэрлэгч Fire Point компанийн төлөөлөл онцолжээ. Wildberries болон Ozon сүлжээ нь ОХУ-ын ДНБ-ий 8.5 хувийг бүрдүүлж, 4 сая орчим ажлын байрыг хангадаг гол бүтэц юм.
ОХУ-ын эрх баригчид агуулахын хүчин чадлынхаа 10 хувийг алдаад буй тус компанид санхүүгийн дэмжлэг үзүүлэхээ мэдэгдээд байна. Энэхүү нөхцөл байдал нь инфляцын өсөлт болон рублийн ханшийн сулралттай тэмцэж буй ОХУ-ын дайны эдийн засагт хүндрэл учруулж байна. Үүний зэрэгцээ АНУ-ын Сенат ОХУ-ын эрчим хүчний экспортод хязгаарлалт тогтоох өргөн хүрээтэй хориг арга хэмжээний хуулийн төслийг хэлэлцэж эхэллээ.
Дэлгэрэнгүйг эх сурвалжаас харах
↓Эх сурвалжийг нээх ↓
Ukraine launched a wave of drone strikes deep into Russia this week, hitting a major logistics hub belonging to e-commerce Wildberries in the Ryazan region.
Ukrainian drones struck two more warehouses belonging to Russian online retailer Wildberries overnight on Thursday, sparking fires at both sites, the company and a regional official said.
Ukraine has attacked about a dozen Wildberries sites since July 18 in a bid to disrupt the operations of the company, a linchpin of the consumer economy that is often described as Russia’s answer to Amazon. Kyiv accused the firm of helping to bolster Vladimir Putin’s war machine.
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According to Data Insight analyst Sergei Semko, goods destroyed by strikes on Wildberries warehouses in Moscow and Tambov regions alone were worth up to an estimated $2.9 billion.
The company, with a few of its warehouses hit as recently as Thursday, said on Telegram it had paid a second tranche of financial support to nearly 100,000 sellers whose goods were damaged.
Mapped: Where has Ukraine hit Wildberries sites?
What is Wildberries?
Wildberries is Russia‘s largest online marketplace. It has been called the country’s equivalent of Amazon, as its business model resembles a mix of Amazon Marketplace, eBay, and Temu.
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Founded in 2004 by Tatyana Kim, who is now Russia’s richest woman, the company has since become the dominant e-commerce platform in Russia and several neighbouring countries.
Hosting millions of third-party sellers, the platform sells almost everything, from electronics to groceries. The marketplace features clothes, books, cosmetics, toys, appliances, household items, sports gear and much more. There’s an “E-Pharmacy” page and a travel section for booking plane tickets or hotels.
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It operates a vast network of warehouses, sorting centres, and logistics hubs across Russia.
In 2021, Kim acquired a small bank and turned it into what now is Wildberries Bank, but that institution has since come under sanctions by the U.K. and the European Union.
Now, its facilities are being deliberately targeted by Ukrainian drones.
Why is Ukraine attacking Wildberries?
Kyiv’s reasons for attacking Wildberries appear to be two-fold.
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Ukrainian officials say that the company’s warehouses and transport network is actively involved in storing or transport goods that ultimately support the Russian military, a claim Moscow denies.
Because Kyiv alleges that the company is part of Russia’s wartime logistics and economic infrastructure, they insist Wildberries’ infrastructure is a legitimate target.
However, the attacks also appear to be part of an attempt to increase economic pressure on Russia.
An executive at Ukraine’s leading arms producer, Fire Point, emphasised that Wildberries is being targeted partly because of its partnership with state-controlled bank VTB.
In an interview posted on Monday, Denys Shtilerman, Fire Point’s co-founder and chief designer, described Wildberries as the largest borrower in Russia and said its demise would lead to the collapse of a large number of banks, including VTB.
Described as the “backbone” of what the Kremlin calls the Russian “platform economy,” Wildberries has been considered central to plans for economic growth after the government purchased a 5 per cent stake in the company earlier this year.
Together, Wildberries and competitor Ozon, account for economic activity worth around 8.5% of Russia’s GDP.
They support around 4 million jobs, or more than 5% of Russia’s workforce.
As the country continues to face a steadily-weakening rouble, and a steadily-increasing inflation rate, the central bank has cut its key interest rate to 14 per cent, highlighting the growing strain on Russia’s wartime economy.
Continued Ukrainian attacks on Wildberries are set to further add to this pressure.
How has Russia responded?
For Russia, the attacks on Wildberries mark another severe economic blow amidst the increasing cost of sustaining its war in Ukraine.
The Kremlin has acknowledged it may have to financially prop up Wildberries, which has lost 10 per cent of its warehousing capacity and a huge amounts of stock as a result of Ukrainian attacks.
Meanwhile, the US Senate took the first steps toward passage of a sweeping Russian sanctions bill on Tuesday.
After meeting with Ukrainian president Volodymyr Zelensky, the bipartisan procedural vote secured an 86-12 majority.
The bill is set to penalise countries that continue to buy Russian oil, gas and other exports.
